Changing the way you walk as a way to relieve plantar fasciitis pain might lead to foot, knee, hip or back problems. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version.
Overview Plantar fasciitis Open pop-up dialog box Close. Plantar fasciitis Plantar fasciitis is an inflammation of the fibrous tissue plantar fascia along the bottom of your foot that connects your heel bone to your toes. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic.
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Need Help? Available 24 Hours A Day. Schedule a Callback. Adult Primary Care. Pediatric Primary Care. Urgent Care. Looking for a Physician. Pain from plantar fasciitis develops gradually over time.
The pain can be dull or sharp. Some people feel a burning or ache on the bottom of the foot extending outward from the heel. Climbing stairs can be very difficult due to heel stiffness.
After prolonged activity, the pain can flare up due to increased irritation or inflammation. Active men and women between the ages of 40 and 70 are at the highest risk for developing plantar fasciitis. Women who are pregnant often experience bouts of plantar fasciitis, particularly during late pregnancy. This is due to the increased pressure on your plantar fascia ligaments, especially if you have sudden weight gain. If you have structural foot problems, such as very high arches or very flat feet , you may develop plantar fasciitis.
Tight Achilles tendons , which are the tendons attaching your calf muscles to your heels, may also result in plantar fascia pain. Simply wearing shoes with soft soles and poor arch support can also result in plantar fasciitis. Your doctor will perform a physical exam to check for tenderness in your foot and the exact location of the pain. During the evaluation, they may ask you to flex your foot while they push on the plantar fascia to see if the pain gets worse as you flex and better as you point your toe.
Your doctor will evaluate the strength of your muscles and the health of your nerves by checking your:. An X-ray or an MRI scan may be necessary to check that nothing else is causing your heel pain, such as a bone fracture. Home treatments like rest, icing, and using braces and anti-inflammatory drugs are often the first ways to treat plantar fasciitis.
Your doctor can do this in their office. Your doctor may use an ultrasound device to help determine the best place for the injection. They can also apply corticosteroids to the skin of your heel or the arch of your foot, and then apply a painless electrical current to let the steroid pass through your skin and into the muscle.
Physical therapy is a key part of treatment for plantar fasciitis. It can help stretch your plantar fascia and Achilles tendons. A physical therapist can show you exercises to strengthen your lower leg muscles, helping to stabilize your walk and lessen the workload on your plantar fascia. In this therapy, sound waves bombard your heel to stimulate healing within the ligament. Side effects of this treatment can include:. Surgery is the most dramatic therapy.
This is done only in cases in which pain is severe or lasts more than 6 to 12 months. In a plantar fascia release, your surgeon partially detaches the plantar fascia from the heel bone. This reduces tension, but weakens the arch of the foot, and full function may be lost. If you have a hard time flexing your feet even after consistent stretching, your doctor may recommend gastrocnemius recession.
This surgery involves lengthening the calf muscle to increase ankle motion and release stress on the plantar fascia. Surgery can result in chronic pain and nerve damage, so it should be considered only after trying other treatment options.
Gentle stretches can help relieve and even prevent plantar fasciitis. Stretching your calves and the plantar fascia itself helps loosen your muscles and reduce heel pain. Swimming and other low-impact activities can let you exercise without worsening your heel pain.
When you start running again, be sure to begin slowly. This surgery may be recommended for patients who have an equinus contracture — tightness in the calf muscles and tendons that leads to the inability to hold a foot in a neutral position a degree angle to the leg. Health Home Conditions and Diseases. What is plantar fasciitis? What causes plantar fasciitis? Inflammation and pain in the fascia can be caused by: An increase in activity level like starting a walking or running program The structure or shape of the foot The surface on which you are standing, walking or running The type of shoes you are wearing The weight you carry Less commonly, plantar fasciitis may develop due to other medical conditions, such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis.
What are the symptoms of plantar fasciitis? Plantar Fasciitis Diagnosis Plantar fasciitis is one of many conditions causing heel pain. Some other possible causes include: Nerve compression in the foot or in the back Stress fracture of the calcaneus Loss of the fatty tissue pad under the heel Plantar fasciitis can be distinguished from these and other conditions based on medical history and examination by a physician.
Plantar Fasciitis Treatment In general, the longer the symptoms have been present and the more severe the pain, the longer the treatment may take. Plantar fasciitis treatment options include: Stretching and Physical Therapy Stretching is one of the best treatments for plantar fasciitis.
Icing and Medication Icing the sore spot on your sole several times a day may help with pain and inflammation. Rest, Activity Modification and Orthotics It helps to keep the weight and stress off your foot, at least partially, while your plantar fascia is healing. Your doctor may recommend a combination of the following: Changing to a more shock-absorbing exercise surface Switching to shoes with arch support or trying heel cups or other orthotics to cushion the heel Applying athletic tape to your foot to support muscles and ligaments Wearing night splints to continue stretching your foot while you sleep Decreasing distances and duration of walking or running Switching from jumping or running to swimming or cycling Shock Wave Therapy This therapy is based on delivering low-energy or high-energy shock waves to a specific area.
Steroid Injections In most cases, plantar fasciitis improves after a few months of stretching.
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