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Load more articles. No comments yet. You're not signed in. Only registered users can comment on this article. Sign in Register. More Resources. Resource Microscale technicians in trouble! Resource Period products 14—16 years TZ Complete a life-cycle assessment for three period products: tampons, period pads and menstrual cups. There are several studies, including one study published in in the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics by Bodo Werner, et al.
The study used a variety of methods to calculate the amount of bromine present in the atmosphere. The study suggested that approximately one third of ozone depletion is due to bromine. According to the study, the bromine compounds in the atmosphere have four major sources:.
Since the peak in with bromine levels approximately 20 parts per million, the levels of bromine in the atmosphere have been decreasing at a rate of 0. Several resources were used in the authors' calculations and were focused in tropical and subtropical regions.
The NOAA also reported in late that levels of bromine and other ozone-depleting gases are decreasing in the atmosphere. The study looked at the atmosphere over Antarctica and the mid-latitudes and combined current values with observations dating back to the s and projected values out through Using values as a benchmark, the researches forecast that ozone depleting gases primarily containing bromine and chlorine, will reduce to levels between and in the mid-latitudes and around over Antarctica.
Decreased levels of these gases in the atmosphere are a part of ongoing efforts in slow climate change and to promote regeneration of the protective ozone layer. Live Science. In this treatment, bromide is oxidized to bromine by the chlorine gas. The principle of oxidation of bromide to bromine is shown by the addition of a little chlorine water to aqueous solutions of bromide. These become brown as elemental bromine forms. Small amounts of bromine can also be made through the reaction of solid sodium bromide, NaBr, with concentrated sulphuric acid, H 2 SO 4.
The first stage is formation of HBr, which is a gas, but under the reaction conditions some of the HBr is oxidized by further H 2 SO 4 to form bromine and sulphur dioxide. This reaction does not work with the corresponding chlorides and fluorides.
Periodic table shop Printable table. Bromine: the essentials. Essentials More properties Group in periodic table : 17 Group name : Halogen Period in periodic table : 4 Block in periodic table : p Shell structure : 2. Bromine: physical properties Density of solid : kg m -3 Molar volume : Bromine: heat properties Melting point : Bromine: atom sizes Atomic radius empirical : pm Molecular single bond covalent radius : coordination number 1 ppm van der Waals radius : ppm More atomc size properties Bromine: electronegativities Pauling electronegativity : 2.
Bromine: orbital properties First ionisation energy : Bromine: abundances Universe : 7 ppb by weight Crustal rocks : ppb by weight Human : ppb by weight More geological data Bromine: crystal structure The solid state structure of bromine is: orthorhombic.
More crystallographic data
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