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Click Yes to help us continue to make these improvements. Our Other Sites Close. Our Other Sites. The stages of birth In pregnancy, the kittens are spaced along each horn of the uterus. The first stage This is essentially the stage of relaxation of the cervix and vagina and the start of contraction of the uterus. The second and third stages of birth After the relaxation of the first stage, the uterine contractions become stronger and more frequent and drive the first kitten, contained within its membranes, towards and into the pelvic opening.
Cat birth in pictures The mother cat pants as the kittens are born Keeping a watchful eye as her second kitten is born She washes each kitten as it is born The mother cat will eat the placenta of her kittens Cleaning the membranes from her fourth-born kitten All kittens are born with membranes cleaned away by the mother cat allowing them to take their first breaths All kittens suckle from their mother What do you need to do?
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Search iCatCare. You are now being re-directed to an external website — www. Thank you for supporting International Cat Care through your shop purchases! Continue to shop. The kidneys were normal. The uterine horns were mildly distended with hypoattenuating fluid and converged along the dorsolateral aspect of the cyst where they then abruptly terminated along its periphery. Figure 2. Post-contrast CT image in transverse plane. A well-marginated, peripherally enhancing cyst CYST is present in the region of the uterine body causing rightward displacement of the urinary bladder UB.
The mildly dilated uterine horns are seen dorsally asterisks. Blood samples were collected for preanesthetic hematological evaluation and serum biochemical analysis. Hematology revealed a mild stress leukogram WBC Based on diagnostic findings the patient was admitted for an ovariohysterectomy and removal of the cystic lesion.
The patient was pre-medicated and anesthetized routinely and abdominal laparotomy was performed via a ventral midline incision. The ovaries were grossly normal. The ovarian pedicles were ligated and transected bilaterally. The cystic structure encompassed the region of the uterine body and the cranial vagina. The cervix was not identified.
Blunt dissection of the mesometrium was used to expose the cystic lesion, which had formed adhesions to the urinary bladder and was closely associated with the urethra and both ureters Figure 3. The uterine arteries were individually ligated and a partial vaginectomy was performed in addition to ovariohysterectomy to remove the entirety of the cystic structure.
The bladder was expressed verifying the patency of the urethra and ureters were traced from the bladder to the kidneys bilaterally. Figure 3. Cystic vaginal structure as viewed in surgery. The vaginal cyst VC encompassed the region of the cranial vagina and uterine body. The vaginal mass was closely associated with both ureters and the urethra and formed adhesions to the urinary bladder UB.
Following surgery the excised reproductive tract was examined grossly. The cyst contained opaque, viscous brown material Figure 4. A sagittal section of the uterus revealed diffuse cystic endometrial dilations Figure 5. The cervical canal was not present and a fibrous septum was identified in the region of the cervix Figure 6.
The fibrous septum prevented communication between the uterus and vagina, there was no visible channel between the uterus and cranial vagina Figure 6. The cystic lesion was located caudal to the fibrous septum, and did not communicate with the uterus grossly. Figure 4. Macroscopic appearance of surgically removed reproductive tract. Ovaries are grossly normal. Uterus is hypoplasic. Cervix is not grossly visible. Vaginal cyst had been incised to reveal inspissated viscous brown material.
Figure 5. Macrosopic appearance of sagittal sections of the uterus and vaginal cyst. Dilation of uterine glands consistent with cystic endometrial hyperplasia. Figure 6. Sagittal section of the vaginal cyst VC revealing a fibrous septum large arrow in the region of the cervix. The small arrow denotes the blind end of the uterine horn.
Note the absence of a patent cervical canal; no channel was evident between the uterus and the vagina. The reproductive tract was submitted for histopathological evaluation. The ovaries contained several corpora lutea bilaterally. The right ovary contained a cystic structure formed of smooth muscle and lined by a single layer of cuboidal cells, probably consistent with a remnant of the male embryonic reproductive system.
The mesonephric duct cyst did not appear to compromise ovarian function as the remaining ovarian stroma contained normal structures. The uterus had a moderate level of cystic endometrial hyperplasia with normal thickness and glandular development overall, scattered glands were cystic and contained small numbers of degenerate macrophages and occasional glands had tall columnar epithelium with papillary projections Figure 7. In the endometrial interstitium were occasional foci of lymphocytes and occasional neutrophils accompanied by a very mild inflammatory reaction Figure 7.
The cystic structure of the caudal reproductive tract was formed of smooth muscle lined by a double layer of cuboidal cells, with minimal inflammatory changes Figure 8. The contents were hyaline eosinophilic material, usually seen with proteinaceous debris.
The cystic structure was determined to be a blind portion of the cranial vagina. The blind structure provided no exit for normal secretions, which accumulated and inspissated. The secretions did not contain infectious organisms. Figure 7. Histological appearance of the endometrium showing moderate cystic endometrial hyperplasia with scattered cystic glands with intraluminal macrophages and adjacent lymphocytic infiltration.
Figure 8. Cancer and inflammation of the genital tract can be diagnosed by several means, including physical examination, laboratory tests, and ultrasonography.
Other diseases or abnormal functioning can be diagnosed by testing semen samples. Reproductive tract disease in male cats is very uncommon. Also see professional content regarding the gonads and genital tract The Gonads and Tubular Genital Tract in Animals Both sexes have a pair of gonads ovaries or testes.
However, in birds the right ovary does not develop; only the left ovary and oviduct are present in adult females. The main functions of From developing new therapies that treat and prevent disease to helping people in need, we are committed to improving health and well-being around the world.
The Veterinary Manual was first published in as a service to the community. The legacy of this great resource continues in the online and mobile app versions today. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Common Veterinary Topics. Videos Figures Images Quizzes. The Ovaries. The Testes. The Female Genital Tract. The Male Genital Tract.
For More Information. Reproductive Disorders of Cats. Test your knowledge. Squamous cell carcinoma is a common neoplasm in several species. Ocular squamous cell carcinoma is most common in animals with light pigmentation around the eyes, because sun exposure is one of several predisposing factors. More Content.
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